(Dis)Unified Perspective
Inspired by conversations with then neuroscience PhD candidate (now Dr. Chloe West Jacobs), (Dis)Unified Perspective investigates the potential of visual art, like psychedelic experiences, to weaken rigidities in the brain. Aldous Huxley asserted that the mind filters perception "to make biological survival possible." But this filtering can also lead to rigidity and negative outcomes, particularly in regards to the integration of novel information. Like Dr. West Jacobs's research into how psychedelics might affect that filtering, my work in paint and three-dimensional construction seeks a similar effect within visual art.
Central to the psychedelic encounter is often a profound shift in perspective, wherein previously discrete concepts and entities seem to merge. This revelation of interconnectedness is not unique to the modern psychedelic experience; artwork portraying the indeterminate blending of beings, exemplified by contour rivalry observed in Chavín artworks, are common among Precolumbian cultures who engaged with entheogens. These artworks stressed transformation, transition, and the malleability of experience.
(Dis)Unified Perspective seeks to emphasize the melding of segmented perceptions by foregrounding the fluidity of visual perception. Like Chavín's contour rivalry, the piece utilizes an intentional visual system to teach or remind of transformational experience. The viewer's physical position determines whether one perspective, another, or some combination of both is perceived. The question remains whether art can engender a sense of doubt in the brain's filtering systems or even trigger ontological development. If so, art may have a role to play in the treatment of pathological rigidities alongside psychedelics.
Artist Insights
What they see is the symbols "Sun" and "Moon" breaking down simultaneously in an overlapping visual field. The effect isn't discordant. In truth, there is a sort of new harmony, though it does contain twice the visual information of either perspective on its own. The surprise for viewers often comes from seeing their initial perspective as abstract or even inscrutable, but then suddenly apprehending the Sun and the Moon from the other perspectives. What looked complex actually becomes very simple with just a few steps. Then, returning to the unified perspective, one cannot 'unsee' the two symbols that are now fragmented and interspersed with one another.
Changing our physical position is often the easiest change we can make in ourselves. It is highly accessible, and doesn't require tools, guides, or substances. I think that, in regards to psychology, we are learning that the mind and the body have no hard borders. A physical transformation is a psychological transformation. Usually, these changes are small and without much consequence. With this piece, I am asking whether we can use artwork to facilitate these changes and amplify their effect.
This is actually not true: there are examples of contour rivalry in three-dimensional ceramics that combine animals, people, and faces along shared contours. In fact, I presented a paper at the 2025 SUNY New Paltz Undergraduate Art History Symposium that includes examples of three-dimensional contour rivalry as part of an investigation of the "swing effect," a possible mechanism in the use of these artworks by their original creators. In fact, my attempts at utilizing these effects in my own art owe everything to ancient cultures like Chavín, who certainly understood their visual systems with great clarity. It is my work that is primitive; the Chavín people had mastered it.
The textures very much evolved from those in my two-dimensional works. I often devote a large amount of time to the preparation of my surfaces, building layers of color and texture. I want the surface quality to reflect depth and deference to what I see as a sort of divinity in the human internal experience. For these works, which often explore matters of consciousness and spirituality, it is important to me that the foundation supports the content, almost like a temple should lend deference to wisdom.
The imagery itself shifts between the moon and the sun as the viewer changes their perspective. Dead on, the images are merged into a sort of hybrid diagram of day and night. This is a simple metaphor for duality and the unexpected complexity that arises from it. I deliberately chose easily accessible imagery so that the effect of changing perspective would be easily accessible to any viewer. I did not want to derail the visual experience with some of the more esoteric imagery that I've explored in my other works, like emanationism or the tarot.
I see it as a prototype that can possibly become a tool. What if instead of the Sun and Moon, one perspective showed you a trauma, and the other adaptation in response to that trauma? Or, an addiction, and the consequences of that addiction on a loved one? I think though, that art is often most powerful when it is authentic in its expression but not necessarily prescriptive to the experience of the viewer.
I also see no reason that the viewer could not also be the artist who renders the perspectives and then sees them unified as a result of the physical reality of this type of artwork. This is something that would need to be explored before trying to use it as a 'therapeutic tool.' It may very well be meaningful to the creator but just a 'neat trick' to the uninvolved spectator.
To view more of Adam Sprague's projects bridging visual art and the brain, please visit the
Neuroscience Art & Curated Exhibitions page.